Costco Wholesale Corporation Essay

Costco Wholesale Corporation operates an international chain of membership warehouses, mainly under the â€Å"Costco Wholesale† name, that carry quality, brand name merchandise at substantially lower prices than the merchandise typically found at conventional wholesale or retail sources. The warehouses are designed to help small-to-medium-sized businesses reduce costs in purchasing for resale and for everyday business use. Individual consumers may also purchase for their personal needs. Costco’s business model depends on high sales volume coupled with quick inventory turnover. Costco operates as a membership warehouse that is based on the concept of offering members the lowest prices on a limited selection of national brands and select private-label products that cover a broad and wide range of categories. This business model is very appealing and appropriate for this type of chain and has many benefits. For one, quicker inventory turnover combined with efficient inventory management systems reduce Costco cost of selling goods. Quick inventory turnover combined with high sales volume allows Costco to sell and receive cash for goods before it has to pay for any of its merchandise, this allows Costco to finance a large percentage of its inventory through the payment terms provided by its vendors rather than having to maintain a sizeable working capital to pay for its merchandise . These saving in its operation enable Costco to pass these saving on to the consum er in the form of low prices. Another reason it’s appealing is because Costco targets high end products thus bringing in high-end consumers into its stores. Demographics and its product selection could be damaging for Costco. Costco’s main product selection choice is made up of large volume single size packaging such as canned goods, soft drinks are only sold in these large container quantities. This combined with its main demographic of individual members who are more affluent customers in the discount retailing sector could be a potential problem. Competitors like Sam’s Club and BJ’s Wholesale offer goods or various degrees and varying sizes of products allows for more customers to want to shop at their stores to buy goods cause not everyone wants to buy a luxury item or a bulk sizes. The solution might be to offer more products at smaller quantities. This will allow more  buyers in who previously might not have shopped a Costco because they are divorced or have a smaller family or just single. Another are Costco could improve on is its direct buying relationships. As mentioned earlier Costco could ensure a stocking of certain items on their shelves so they can avoid stock outs and lose sales. To help its profit margin and reduce dependence on other manufacturers it could increase its brand Kirkland private brand products beyond to current 600 products. A final suggestion is that Costco could consider additional international expansion. They could place more warehouses in Canada. This is where they have been well received. It is the second largest revenue stream behind that of the United States. Costco’s internal environment can be analyzed to establish the core competencies to exploit market opportunities and avoid possible threats. Costco must combine this with the external environment factors to secure a successful long-term strategy. By analyzing their capabilities, using above methods Costco can determine their strengths. Many sight changes on external could have huge blow to Costco. For example, Suppliers can change the cost of inputs, such as when a strong union sets a high wage for a particular craft. If Costco allows the organic produce famers more power, then the farmers could force terms on Costco. This dependence increases if Costco does not have many other sources to supply the produce. Simple SWOT analysis may explain internal and external scan situation. Here are few point observed from Costco’s SWOT analysis. They seem to have great reputation in local neighborhood; customers tend to return to store, no big direct competition, lots of choice and great locations, Weaknesses would include: a lack of strong management team, handling perishable items geographical limitations The opportunities to develop a unique position in organic catering and to grow the business are examples of the opportunities available for Costco. Threats include some of the following: competition, state of the economy dealing with perishable items weather including natural disasters Costco’s External environment strategies are based on firm’s ability to foresee future business environment and trends based on industries, economy, and political factors. External environment analyze is key for any company to execute its strategies to meet its performance and profitability. â€Å"Despite the uncertainty and dynamic nature of the business environment, an assessment process that narrows, even if it does not precisely define, future expectations is of substantial value to strategic managers† (Pearce II & Robinson , Jr, 2009). In today’s society a business needs to be unique and offer a one of a kind value to keep its customers coming in and purchasing its products. An industry such as retail can experience at times high growth what sets Costco apart from its competitors to gain an competitive advantage is its three components of the company’s strategy that were mentioned earlier, low pricing, limited selection and treasure-hunt merchandising. Is this enough to ensure that future prospects will purchase items at your store? Costco’s main competitors are Sam’s Club and BJ’s Wholesale and both are similar to Costco’s way of doing business. Costco is exceeding both Sam’s Club and BJ’s in terms of net sales and market share. Nevertheless, Sam’s Club has recognized its market share and is aggressively launching new initiatives to grow its sales and market share. One way they plan to increase its market share is by emphasizing new products for the home instead of products for small businesses. They also are using national TV ads to make consumer more aware of their stores. They also are attracting a new group of prospective buyers by setting up a collegiate membership. BJ differentiates its self from both Costco and Sam’s Club by offer a wide range of items in fact  7,300. Another way they differ from the competition is they offer aisle markets and express lanes, and low cost video-based sales aids to help make the shopping experience better.

Alcoholics Anonymous Support Group (Aa)

Alcoholics Anonymous Support Group (AA) Location: Wesley Church on Barstow The support group I attended was on October 19th, 2012 at 12pm at Wesley Church located on Barstow Avenue. It was in the Winterburg Education Building in room 3. A gentleman by the name of Andy was leading the group. He first said a prayer and then asked if there were any new members. There were none so he asked if there were visitors. I introduced myself and said I was a Fresno State nursing student. He then said today they were going to talk about Step 12, which was about service.Service was about introducing AA to people that could benefit from the program. Before you were expected to complete step 12, they wanted you to complete steps 1-11 first. The first person that spoke about his past was the leader, Andy. He shared with everyone that he had had three divorces and at one point his children didn’t talk to him. Alcoholism destroyed his life in his early years. He’s now twenty years sober. H is last wife never came back to him but his children have since come back into his life. He leads AA meetings now because he expressed how AA helped him get his life back into order.Next to speak was a gentleman by the name of Rich. He was 257 days sober. He said that he is nowhere near step 12 but was hoping down the road he will make it there. He talked about having depression, diabetes type 2 and alcoholism. Alcoholism runs in his family. A year ago he almost died from diabetic ketoacidosis. That’s when he decided to turn his life around. He felt that he was given a second chance at life and wanted to do positive things. He said that drinking doesn’t produce anything positive and he wanted to make the most of the rest of his life. A lady by the name of Carmen spoke next. She was three months sober.She talked about how her brother doesn’t believe this will be long term. She always falls back into drinking. Carmen wants to prove to not only her brother, but her self, that she will remain sober for the rest of her life. She said that this time different because she has recruited God’s strength and that will help her get through it. The other two people at the meeting declined to speak. They said they just wanted to listen. During the rest of the meeting, Andy spoke more about Step 12 and how to get to that step. Next was another prayer while everyone joined hands. The meeting ended at 1:10pm.I observed the following Yalom’s Curative Factors during the AA meeting: 1. Instillation of Hope – faith that the treatment mode can and will be effective. All the members felt that with God’s strength they can overcome the impossible. 2. Universality – demonstration that we are not alone in our misery or our â€Å"problems†. By attending the AA meetings, the members knew that they were not alone and there are others struggling with the same issue. 3. Imparting of information – didactic instruction about mental health, mental illness, psychodynamics or whatever else might be the focal problem of the group. Ex. OCOA, Alanon; learning about the disease process itself). It’s important for members to get facts about their condition through formal teaching. 4. Altruism – opportunity to rise out of oneself and help somebody else; the feeling of usefulness.Altruism was discussed in Step 12. 5. Corrective recapitulation of primary family group – experiencing transference relationships growing out of primary family experiences providing the opportunity to relearn and clarify distortions. Members learned that they could resolve issues from the past with their family members that stemmed from alcoholism. . Development of socializing techniques – social learning or development of interpersonal skills. When the AA members shared their experiences and received feedback from them they were developing new social skills. 7. Imitative behavior – taking on the manner of group members who function more adequately. The members learned from Andy’s experience who has recovered. 8. Catharsis – opportunity for expression of strong affect. The AA members felt safe during the meeting to talk about their innermost feelings. 9.Existential factors – recognition of the basic features of existence through sharing with others (e. g. ultimate aloneness, ultimate death, ultimate responsibility for our own actions). The AA group helped the individuals take some direction in their life. 10. Group Cohesiveness: The members of the AA group felt like they can accomplish anything together as a team. 11. Interpersonal learning – receiving feedback from others and experimenting with new ways of relating. The AA members gained insight regarding how one perceives and is being perceived by others.

Comprehensive Examination Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Comprehensive Examination - Research Paper Example This is achieved through good leadership which is aimed at promoting a positive culture within a learning institution. Being elected as a leader of a school that is experiencing a problem of a negative culture and rigidity to change, there is dire need to develop actions for change. This paper presents a report on ways through which the problems faced by the school can be dealt with through cultivation of positive change among teachers, students, administrators, parents and the community. The report includes supporting literature, a research approach and recommendations for change upon which actions for change are based. Objectives 1. To provide supporting literature on problems in learning institutions, the underlying theories and effective measures for change 2. To investigate the actual problem within the institution as a basis for designing relevant measures for change 3. To develop a school improvement program that will develop a change of culture within the institution 4. ... Resistance to change in schools is effectively dealt with through proper leadership. Additionally, all stakeholders of an educational institution must be involved in implementing the change. Rigidity to change, toxic environments and negative culture are the major problems that schools face (Taj & Iqbal, 2012; Ansell, Reckhow & Kelly, 2009). Therefore change can only be achieved if these problems are solved. More specifically problems such as lack of proper communication, poor student behaviors and lack of support from parents and the community are more challenging to schools because they derail the achievement of objectives and goals. For this reason it is argued that parents and the community at large should be involved in promoting good behavior among learners so that they would be more focused on their educational goals. The cultivation of good behavior among students is achieved through guidance and support from the family, teachers and the community (Rhodes & Brundrett, 2009). This prevents problems among students such as early pregnancy, drug use and abuse and school dropouts. When such problems are characteristic of a learning institution they must be addressed as top priority because they are major contributors of a toxic environment within the institution. It is through change that problems within schools such as lack of effective and well-designed student programs can be solved (Caldwell, 2008). Positive change within schools also contributes to the prevention of low performance among learners (Payne, 2007; Law, Walker & Dimmock, 2007). Moreover, it is argued that the ability of teachers, students, parents and school administrators to implement change and a positive culture determines the overall performance of

Business Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Operations Management - Essay Example The essay "Business Operations Management" talks about the business operation management by the example of Geoff Cartwright who identified that the running of Gateshead holdings was not in a solid state and he acknowledged that there was need for major amendments to be done to ensure efficiency and quality production in the firm. Having provided multi-skill training for its team Gateshead was sure to overcome any setbacks that would be caused by lack of attendance by members of staff who had specialized on specific task and no replacement for them was available incase of their in attendance . This was a major move since there was no reason for stalling jobs because in every group all members were able to perform all tasks. Gatestead under Geoff the production manager went further to train its staff on machine maintenance and minor repairs and this factor worked positively towards reducing machine failure and time loss during minor machines breakdown in the process of production. Geof f went further to introduce Just in time and six sigma as measure of reducing wastage. It will be noted that in any production firm waste contributes to a major factor reducing profitability and utmost care should be carried out because waste increases the cost of sales made and by no means can the cost of sales lost through waste be recovered. Geoff the production manager also identified the need to give the workers incentive through wage increases and by the year 2003 the statutory minimum wage increased to 7.50 pounds/hour.

System in organization final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

System in organization final paper - Essay Example Insurance industry is a world where competition progresses speedily and the requirements of customers change quickly, Lenox should see that IT oriented system is to be delivered in months and not in a period of over three years. Oxford Health Plans Inc was ranked as the fifth top –growing company in the United States in 1996 by the Fortune magazine as the business was growing both in revenues and in members. Everything went topsy-turvy when Oxford management tried to introduce new computerized billing system as the executive’s paid a little or poor attention to information technology. The bad structuring and management of Oxford billing system not only tarnished the company’s brand name but also resulted its future growth as Oxford’s stock price stumbled down to one-third of its earlier quote due whooping loses of $ 300 million. If the management do not spot the apt IT-enabled chances, introduce misguided systems or mishandle the whole activity , in such scenarios ,IT systems can even be proved to be devastating like what it had happened in Oxford. Badly visualized and implemented IT investments become hazardous in the long run if it is not noticed at the early stage. Sullivan should have been made to directly report to Bennett, CEO rather than reporting to Fontana, CFO. Sullivan, as a CIO, should have assumed responsibility for outcomes of IT investments, in collaboration with the senior management. A management committee should have been formed with CIO as the head and this committed should have supervised the real-time systems and should have introduced necessary changes as and when necessary. Lenox CEO is fully aware that by bringing the latest technology, by modernizing key applications and by rationalizing and reorganizing the information services at Lenox, it definitely helps Lenox to see its business is growing. If investment in information technology is

Banking policy in Burma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Banking policy in Burma - Essay Example The indigenous banks of Burma were not started, until after the county’s independence in 1948.The banks that started operations in Burma during the colonial times, targeted the export trade of rice. They centralized their operations around Rangoon, engaging mainly in Chettiar lending, except a few like Dawson’s bank, which exited Burma after the 1942 invasion by the Japanese (Econ 335 a). Remarkable in the philosophical and the ideological banking profile of colonial Burma, are the exchange banks, which initiated western banking services at Burma. These exchange banks trace their origins to the trading firms of Burma, which mediated the commercial dealings of Burma with the outside world – throughout the nineteenth century. These firms include the Wallace Brothers, which was a remarkable example of the transition from being merchants, towards assuming the role of merchant bankers. By the end of the 19th century, the traders and the merchants that had operated as banks across the British Empire, either converted or left business for international banks. Most of these banks were headquartered at London, including Lloyds Bank and the National Bank of India (Econ 335 a). Most of the banks did not engage in the service of the entire population, particularly the countryside, but focused on the financing of rice trade, among a few other commodities at Rangoon. The finances of these banks were mostly outsourced from outside Burma, particularly London; the banks, later diversified towards the collection of deposits from European professionals, managers, and Burmese and Indian traders. The banking sector of colonial Burma was characterized by trade finance and the sale of bills of exchange. The bill of exchange is among the finance tools that revolutionized international trade during the nineteenth century; the instrument allowed exporters to receive the value of their exports, immediately after the sale of the exports, and in the local currency. The service was offered by exchange banks, which marked a reduction in the risks borne by exporters and importers; it also increased their access to credit. The bills of exchange were a short-term credit instrument, ordinarily 60 days, and not longer than 90 days. Banking institutions like the British banks, concentrated in the provision of financial services, and funding to businesses, particularly European as well as the colonial administration and its agencies. For instance, the Imperial bank offered wholesale financing to Chettairs, thus was an import financier of the Burmese agricultural sector. Despite the dominance of British banks, non-British exchange banks like Citibank started their operations in Asia, during 1812. The bank started its operations at Rangoon in 1919. For example, some Chinese banks arrived into Burma, immediately after the completion of Burma Road, in 1938 targeting the upcoming opportunities (Econ 335 a). There was the rise of Burmese banks, including  "U Rai Gyaw Thoo and Dawson’s Bank†. Dawson’s Bank was started in 1905, with the role of assisting Burmese agricultural players, so that they could free their lands from Indian-money-tenders. The local banks sought closeness to the farmers, so that they would ensure that they would get cheap credit, and, so that the banks would ensure that they used the money for the specified purpose. U Rai Gyaw Thoo was among the first Burmese-operated and owned bank, which grew out of shipping, trading and money lending. There

Analysis of Learning Weekly at University of Phoenix Essay - 1

Analysis of Learning Weekly at University of Phoenix - Essay Example Class discussions were very helpful and interesting. Communication is an important aspect of any academic work. Once a piece of academic work is complete, it should be communicated to relevant persons through means such as presentation. I learned how to prepare for a presentation and how the same can be presented to various stakeholders using platforms such as cell phones, text messaging, and e-mail. Understanding the concept of the presentation will enable me to present my research as well as academic work through online or digital platforms supported by our mode of online learning. As a professional, I will be in a good position to do research and present my findings using available web communication platforms. Communication in the digital age was very interesting to learn. Cell phones, text messaging, and e-mail has certainly changed the role of formal writing since they are increasingly becoming preferred methods of communication. However, formal writing ensures that communication standards are maintained so that it remains relevant to all the stakeholders  involved.

Prayer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prayer - Research Paper Example One of the greatest differences is on repentance and recognition of sin. Taoism does not acknowledge the need for redemption or salvation in prayer. In Christianity, redemption or salvation plays a very crucial role in washing away of one’s evil deeds, therefore making one clean and holy before Christ. According to Taoism ‘God’ is just a force that people need to harmonize themselves with, instead of salvation or redemption and worshiping God that Christians believe in. Taoism also believes that there are no personal relations between them and ‘Tao’, their God, while Christians believes that when it comes to prayer there actually exists personal relationship between them and Christ. Christians can pray to their heavenly father, the creator of earth and universe, and Christ-the son of God directly with the belief and faith that their prayers would be heard and answered. On the contrary, Taoists does not pray directly to their ‘God’ nor do they develop any attachment with ‘God’. Taoists rather believe in meditation which is a process of sitting upright quietly in the position of a baby reciting sacred words aimed at restoration of harmony within oneself and spiritual nourishment (Rorty, Richard, and Gianni 68). Taoism also beliefs that values and morality are influenced by nature’s rewards and punishment while Christianity believes in God who determines what is right, wrong and moral values that are punishable and rewarded by God only. According to Christianity God is the most supreme judge to all evils, wrongs and righteousness therefore no Christian should judge the other. Taoism on the other hand, proclaims that there is no moral distinction between right and wrong and which judges no one (Hu, Hsiao, and William 42). Proclamation of Christianity profess that Christ died for died for their sins and justification according to Roman 4:25, and eternal life is given to those who trust in him as savior according to John 1:12. In addition, John

African Studies & Feminism Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

African Studies & Feminism - Term Paper Example Van Allen’s analysis (1972) makes the important point that Colonialism caused a tremendous amount of loss to Igbo women. This challenges the common view that Colonialism was a good thing, and that it saved women from all kinds of barbarous practices. This reason is the transfer of sexist and discriminatory attitudes from the colonial powers to African society such as the view that â€Å"politics was a man’s concern† (Van Allen, 1972, p.165-166). Finally, this article clearly demonstrates that a sophisticated village-by-village system of government had operated very successfully before the colonial powers arrived, and that it was elimination of the village assembly, in which all villagers had the right to speak, that did the most damage to the position of Igbo women in their society. The voice of women in village affairs was silenced and they were thus prevented from participating in decisions that affected their lives and the lives of their families. This article shows the harm that was done by Colonialism, in the name of progress, and identifies the source of the modern day oppression of Igbo women as being the Colonial powers, and not local ideas and customs, The report by O’Barr et al. captures the enthusiasm and the main resolutions of a massive meeting of 14,000 women called to mark the end of the United Nations Decade for Women.A key outcome was the realization that the enormous differences that exist between the experiences of women in very different countries are likely to continue on into the future, and the meeting resolved to ensure that these differences would â€Å"generate a creative strength, not draining weakness, in the effort to implement a women’s agenda nationally and internationally† ... The diversity of voices is a deliberate tactic to illustrate a second important finding: there will not be a one-size-fits-all solution to problems that affect women world-wide. Themes such as divorce, aging, widowhood and non-marriage show considerable convergence between Third World and Western women’s experiences, but some areas such as poverty and exclusion from education and healthcare are highlighted as being very different, depending on location (O’Barr et al. 1986, p. 592). A third important contribution in this article is the factor of race, and it was noted that women of African descent in particular had to deal with the issue of racial privilege, most usually accorded to white women, and in some countries this was compounded by issues like ethnic and gender segregation imposed by the state in question. Although this article is not formed into a smooth and logical argument, like the Van Allen (1972) article it nevertheless makes a powerful statement through it s multifaceted approach, giving a full range of information from many perspectives. It shows that women in the world face many different challenges, and that efforts to tackle them will need to be varied and flexible, in order to adapt to each situation. Above all, the coming together of leading women in great numbers gives a tremendous boost to those involved, and it creates a momentum for political change that ripples across the globe. The most striking feature of Amina Mama’s article on Gender Studies for Africa’s Transformation (2003) is that it represents a new generation’s perspective. It builds on the work of papers such as the two mentioned above, and reports on scholarly work and teaching conducted by African women and for African

Humanities Today Paper Essay Example for Free

Humanities Today Paper Essay Although culturally speaking we all find aspects in society to what we all find what is acceptable and what is not. The following are some of the examples that humanity relates expression to society. Art and music are a very difficult to separate since they are one in the same. Since the dawn of time artistic expressions and music have gone hand in hand. Jimi Hendrix’s â€Å"Purple Haze† poses as the perfect eclectic model of what it means to relate ideas and art form into sight and sound. †Purple haze and I don’t know why excuse me while I kiss the sky! (The Jimi Hendrix Experience). So there is a part of history that does mirrors itself when I hear Chuck Berry as â€Å"Johnny B. Good†. Even today on the political trail one would hear rock music in the background as a theme in the campaign. Architecture in humanities places all sorts of symbols, icons, emblems, murals, fixtures, memorials, statues, etc. Representing association and image usually indicates faith and or affiliation to and with a group. . â€Å"The ancient Greeks concluded that geometry is inherent to the design of the universe. The chambered nautilus shell is the most popular example of the Golden Ratio, with its spiral constructed based on phi, the universal mathematical proportion†(Exploring the Geometric Design of the Universe. )Share Guide, Jan/Feb2008 Issue 95, p16-17, 2p. This can be compared to the mascot of any given high school or college around the world. Philosophy related to humanities often takes part as a point of view or a doctrine. Politicians enjoy doing this when they embellish their own points of view especially when election time draws closer. It takes a keen sense and ability to decipher distorted words and meanings to find out the truth and principles to what they truly represent. Touching on the realms of fact and truth can also be displayed by the public school systems. Although the complete truth is not often taught there some truths to what a basic understanding and knowledge are given. This too is a form of philosophy however vague it may seem. Literature is the perfect way that humanity is fused together. William Shakespeare to Deepak Chopra and the periods in between are crucial as well. Kurt Cobain I’m sure can find some type of common ground with Edgar Allan Poe. Its not just the fact that literature has some kind of relation to the writers more than the embodiment, the meat, and purpose of the drive. It coveys emotion on many different levels. Humanities give the human race the upper hand in the world today as we often overlook the fact that our resources are unlimited and at our disposal. We are able to email, text, im, fax, each other in seconds flat and yet at the same time represent the companies that provide these services as a career. Technology is a venue that allows us to share culture, religion, philosophy, communication, on a personal and professional level. Mass media is a big part of what and how people with disadvantages sometimes rely upon. The most important key in this entire infrastructure are the people that make it all happen. So as long as we take care of each other which is virtually not totally impossible to do, we can continue to make ourselves marketable. After all where would we be without one another? We can feel safe knowing that we depend on each other for relating ideas and thoughts. Its nothing that a power point presentation can ever teach or instruct. Because after all is said and done, we are the ones who put the human in humanity and the sanity in insanity.

Addictiveness of Video Games

Addictiveness of Video Games Tingting Song Are Internet Video Games Addictive? Yes, They Are. Video games have already became an indispensable part of our lives especially through the Internet as a medium to link the virtual space and real people in the worldwide. It is worth mentioning that Internet video games are more popular among teenagers, and their spare time is occupied by a variety of video games instead of doing something creative, imaginative and innovative. Therefore, they have a greater chance of video game addiction than other groups of players. Susan Orlean (n.d.) who is an American journalist states, â€Å"I’ve always been afraid of video games – not afraid that I wouldn’t like them, but that I would like them too much, and that after mere seconds in front of any particularly bright and absorbing game, I would abandon all ambition, turn into a mouth – breathing zombie, and develop a wide, sofa-shaped rear end.† The speaker points out the emotions of most players in the face of the video game. Video games excites, annoys the p layers, and even lets them hard to give up playing. Also, playing video games is a good escapist channel and the best way to kill time for players. In my position paper, I believed internet video games are addictive particularly for groups of adolescents. I will discuss the reasons, the causes, and the possible effects of being addicted to the games in detail with evidence. There is no doubt that video games addiction is a quiet killer that is threatening the study habits and the lives of teenagers. Game addiction is a sign of teenagers who have an excessive dependence on a game. First of all, video games have addictive triggers to attract and to lure the players to become addicted to the game. In order to draw more players to play the games, game designers tend to make different types of games which meet different individual needs. a) Video games are usually divided into the following several types such as Action, Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing (MMORPG), Strategy, Simulation, and Driving etc. Players can always find the games for their needs in such various categories. b) You will find that there have no specific pre-defined ends for most of these different video games. Players completes every task to have a new discover and those unpredictable factors always inspires players’ curiosity to continue playing the games all the time. c) The game set different reward for the character of the level up. When character have a new start in a new game, the character’s attributes are initialization settings in the game. If players want to finis h the advanced task, to upgrade character’s attributes and to get more skills, they must make their roles from the initial level up to full level soon. With the level of ascension, players have to spend more and more time to challenge more difficult tasks. The process by characters to level up is sustainable and it cannot be sustained for a long time. Games designers build various rewards patterns for players to earn, which also causes addiction. d) Meanwhile, in-game currencies are increased by spending more time playing and more tasks are completed, which leads to more seductive pursuits to achieve. Cumulative gaming time or login in the game on time to complete the task will accumulate more wealth such as gold coins, credits, and energy which increase players’ purchasing power. In-game currencies can buy game props to help players easy to complete the task, and buy the virtual clothes to dress up the character, etc. (Loder Natasha, 2014). Actually, the virtual wealt h were drove by players’ vanity. Sometimes, parts of crops in the game can sell for business in real life between players. That’s why parts for players play so hard that update their items for selling to get a good price. e) Moreover, the designers prefer to set the randomly time-schedule of in-game rewards. Sometimes, players will get a big reward after finishing several tasks, but there are still have several parts of players will get a huge rewards when they only complete one task. Game designers make the factors of uncertainty to let the players never know when they can be rewarded through the tasks, but players always would like to wait the reward until as long as they play long enough. Designers are so smart that always structure a different target to pursue players for different period of gaming time. That’s why players will always have the game to play with innovation. There is no doubt that video games addiction should be categorized as a mental disorde r, however, the addiction is caused by video games’ design, which attracts more players to spend large amount of time to play it (John Hopson, 2001). In the second place, video games provide a fully realized virtual world for players to â€Å"escape† from the reality of the physical world. For gamers, the virtual world are more appealing than real life. a) Those kind of people with social phobias, and lose motivation to communicate with people more likely to addict in the internet video games. The success of the game gives them confidence and give them affirmation to prove their personal ability. Because the desire for interpersonal communication, these groups of players would like to build friendships in virtual space. Players can play together with other game users in a group randomly, and enjoy the feeling of teamwork to accomplish their common task. Also, in the network game, players based on reality condition of the real world or personal expectations of themselves to create the character in any status to finish career goal, to make friends, and to build the family with other users in the game. A lot of players put the ir own emotions to the games like the SIMS, and gradually lose themselves and indulge in games (Romeo Vitelli, 2013). Furthermore, b) people who have huge pressure in real life, sitting in front of the computer, logging in the video games and into the game, they will no longer remember their own ambitions and worry about the difficulties that happen in the life. They will only remember the games’ tasks, the monsters are killed, or another beautiful magic world. Players love the feeling of playing games without any restriction force in real life so video games become their spirit of places gradually (Jack Flanagan, 2014). Thirdly, video games have a strong psychological basis that can lead to an addiction for the players. For instance a) players get hysterical symptoms in the process to play racing games. Usually, this kind of psychology similar with the feedback after playing extreme sports. However, extreme sports have a high level of danger. People who keen to play extreme sports are willing to challenge the nature, and in the case of high danger coefficient to reach high excited state of mind. The metamorphosis of video game also create an immerse experiences for players, such as racing games. In addition, video games do not have physical risk. In the game, players should have quick reaction to avoid â€Å"hit† and elude oncoming vehicles. Mental shocking is a part of fun. Players are almost die but they are alive no matter in the process of extreme sports or such process of violate racing games (Jagodzinski Jan, 2006). All at once, b) violent video game provides the stimulus and brings mor e exciting pleasure for players. You cannot shooting in the street with a gun, it is illegal. However, violent games don’t break the low and have the restrictions for players. Virtual experiences are very real not only the first-Hand Role in killing process but also the vivid graphics. The pleasure of this kind of game is the reason of the players cannot extricate themselves (Xu Zhengchuan, 2012). The last but not the least, Neuroimaging studies have begun to study the changes of brain activity when players play the games and recorded the changes with documents. The evidence shows that there have changes in brain activity during on-line play. Response to video game addiction in players is similar with drug-induced substance dependence. â€Å"These brain regions include the dorsolateral perfrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, nucleus accumbens, thalamus and caudate mucleus.† (Bavelier Daphne, 2011). In addition, unlike drug addiction, Video game addiction will not cause physical damage to human body. However, damage of nervous system are the common reason for the players become problem gamblers. There is no doubt that video games are addictive, and to produce special devastating on the nervous system of the brain. Simultaneously, it is important to note that games addiction is a process of accumulation results (Bavelier Daphne, 2011). As well, add ictive triggers is the important reason for the players spend a large amount of time to play internet video games and lead to cause changes in the brain. Then the fantasy world in the games make them feel better. As an example, one of the easiest operation video games called Farm Game which connects the players with their friends through the Internet. When the player starts to play the game, they will have six lands to sowing crops. Mature crops generally lasted six to seven hours. Players had to harvest their crops on time to avoid their game friends to steal their crops. Players with crops to sell more, they will acquire more coins to buy more land and more expensive crops. At the same time, their level of farms will up with more crops they sold. Players had to check the time, log in the game every day and harvest crops on time in order to avoid other players to steal their crops. I doubts even the players whether cannot help thinking of the picture, content and so on in the game or not. Actually, for most game players, they do often remind of the game and can’t wait to play the game. Video-game designers structure unpredictable and unexpected factors to attract players’ curio sity and desire, so they would like to spend more time to complete the goal in the games. Compared to drug addiction with physical damage, video games are more inclined to spiritual enjoyment and satisfaction. It seems that video game addiction is harmless, but Bakker says video games addiction can ruin lives (Sherry Rauh, 2006). Players don’t think they are in trouble with games addiction who are ignoring the problems and making addiction worse. At an addiction treatment center in Amsterdam, in the Netherlands (Sherry Rauh, 2006), players particularly are groups of adolescent who seriously addicted to internet video games and come to this center to quit addiction on video games. Keith Bakker (Sherry Rauh, 2006) is a director of this addiction consultants said in recent years, they received more and more patients who addicted especially for playing online role-playing games. In the process of broking dependence, if the players does not get more actions such as playing video g ames, they will become agitated, irate, violent and miserable because their fantasy world was interrupted by us. They are in low depression even do not willing to eat, sleep and alive. Otherwise, video game addicts will let players stay away from social development that affect socialize relationships; they will become more isolated with others. As well, students won’t have energy to learning because they are hard to concentrate on learning. And, with the grades become poor, they are tend to dropout and give up other interests and hobbies. In conclusion, I totally believed that it is possible to become addicted to internet video games. Video games addiction has become the mainstream problem in society. This addiction strongly causes problems for individual such as emotional problems, health problems and social problems. There are mainly four arguments’ points to explain the reason of internet video games addiction in this position paper. Such as video game have addictive triggers to attract players dependent on it and won’t stop playing. Play the game online in order to stay away the real digital world and video games offers strong psychological pressure to players. Lastly, there have changes in brain activity during on-line play. Video game gives pleasure to the players at the same time brings negative sides. In my opinion, video games addiction must be aware from parents and society because it is enough to destroy an adolescent life. Work Citation: Susan Orlean. BrainyQuote.com. Xplore Inc, 2014. Retrieved April 5, 2014,  from BrainyQuote.com Web site: http://www.brainyquote.com/citation/quotes/quotes/s/susanorlea494668.html#GxqS5W5rQEVom45A.99 Loder, N. â€Å"What Makes Video Games Addictive? : Electronic Entertainment.† The  Economist Newspaper NA, Inc. Feb 18, 2014. Web. April 5, 2014, from  http://search.proquest.com/docview/1500529138?accountid=28041 John Hopson. â€Å"Behavioral Game Design. GAMASUTRA: The Art Business  of Making Games†. UBM Tech. April 27, 2001. Web. April 5, 2014, from  http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3085/behavioral_game_design.php?print=1 Romeo Vitelli, ph.D. â€Å"Are Video Games Addictive?† Psychology Today, 19 August,  2013. Web. 5 April 2014, from http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/media-spotlight/201308/are-video-games-addictive Jack Flanagan. â€Å"The Psychology of Video Game Addiction.† The Week, 5 Feb, 2014.  Web. 5 April 2014, from http://theweek.com/article/index/255964/the-psychology-of-video-game-addiction Jagodzinski, Jan. â€Å"Video Game Cybersubjects, The Ethics of Violence and Addiction:  A Psychoanalytic Approach.† Psychoanalysis, Culture Society 11.3  (Dec 2006): 282-303. ProQuest Psychology Journals. Web. 5 April 2014  from http://services.lib.mtu.edu:3960/docview/216517632/485C5DD715AC4523PQ/3?accountid=28041 Xu, Zhengchuan, et. al. â€Å"Online Game Addiction Among Adolescents: Motivation and Prevention Factors.† European Journal of Information Systems 21.3 (May 2012):  312-340. ProQuest Business Collection. Web. 5 April 2014 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1010849335?accountid=28041 Babelier, Daphne, et. al. â€Å"Brains On Cideo Games.† Nature Reviews. Neuroscience  12.12 (Dec 2011): 763-8. ProQuest Psychology Journals. Web. 5 April 2014  from http://search.proquest.com/docview/905093857?accountid=28041 Sherry Rauh. â€Å"Detox For Video Game Addiction?† CBS Interactive Inc. July 3, 2006.  Web. 5 April 2014, from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/detox-for-video-game-addiction/

20th Century Somalia Essay -- International Government

20th Century Somalia Somalia is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the Indian Ocean to the east. With the longest coastline on the continent, its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains, and highlands. It is made up of the former British Protectorate of Somaliland and Italy’s former Trust Territory of Somalia. Somalia’s modern history began in the late 1800’s, when European powers began to trade and settle in the Somalia area. These events and the events that occurred during the 20th century helped shape the modern Somalia government and culture today. In 1886, the British gained control over northern Somalia through treaties by guaranteeing British protection to Somali chiefs who agreed to them. The British were concerned with securing their trade interests with its coaling station in Aden. The British established what was known as British Somaliland and a boundary was made with Ethiopia through treaty negotiations in 1897. The British occupied this area with very little resistance in the late 19th century, but that started to change towards the turn of the century. The European powers that began to settle in Northern Africa, inspired the current leader of the Dervish State, Mohammed Abdullah to rally support from various nations across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest colonial resistance wars ever. He challenged the British rule through persistent attacks and became known as the â€Å"Mad Mullah† by the British. His first major military offensive attack was with 1500 Dervish equipped with 20 modern rifles on British soldiers stationed in the region. This resistance fro... ... Hawk helicopters and killed 18 American soldiers. The public outcry in the US from these actions caused President Clinton to order all American soldiers to withdraw from Somalia by March 31, 1994. Other nations quickly followed suit of the Americans. The failed mission cost nearly $2 billion by its end. Although a new parliament was convened in 2004, rival factions in various regions of Somalia still struggle for control of the nation. Works Cited. U.S Marines storm Mogadishu, Somalia. (2012). The History Channel website. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/us-marines-storm-mogadishu-somalia. History of Somalia. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved April 28, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Somalia Somalia. (n.d.). In Conservapedia. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from http://conservapedia.com/Somalia

The Removal of Eudemonism from Ethics Essay -- On the Basis of Moralit

Although Arthur Schopenhauer was never able to gain the acclaim during his lifetime of some of the rival post-Kantian philosophers he competed against despite going so far as to schedule lectures at the same time as Hegel, he is now creating more buzz than ever and is widely considered one of the most important German philosophers, as he has earned himself the nickname of â€Å"the philosopher of pessimism†.1 Most believe that he was a man before his time, as he wrote during the German classical period where Idealism was the main school of thought. Schopenhauer however went against the grain and believed the world as will to be fundamentally irrational, and held no prisoners when it came to openly criticizing his contemporaries.1 This caused him to be almost brushed aside during his own lifetime, which is made perfectly evident in how his work, On the Basis of Morality was simply turned away by The Danish Academy of Science as it did not line up with their very Kan t-centric views. Although he didn’t always agree Kant, Schopenhauer did consider himself Kant’s true philosophical heir, and was always full of praise for the man who he claimed, â€Å"gave this science (metaphysics) a foundation having definite advantages over previous ones, and because it still remains the last important event to occur in ethics† (47).2 He would use Kant’s foundation of morals as a guide to prepare himself to establish his own foundation. It would turn out that he would not be bias in Kant’s favor, but rather attack Schopenhauer would attack Kant’s ethics for being â€Å"wholly unjustified, groundless, and fictitious assumptions† (48).2 He replaces Kant’s ethics with his own ethics of compassion, or the ability some human be... ...chopenh/ 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. 143 3 Kraut, Richard, "Aristotle's Ethics," The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = . 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii The Removal of Eudemonism from Ethics Essay -- On the Basis of Moralit Although Arthur Schopenhauer was never able to gain the acclaim during his lifetime of some of the rival post-Kantian philosophers he competed against despite going so far as to schedule lectures at the same time as Hegel, he is now creating more buzz than ever and is widely considered one of the most important German philosophers, as he has earned himself the nickname of â€Å"the philosopher of pessimism†.1 Most believe that he was a man before his time, as he wrote during the German classical period where Idealism was the main school of thought. Schopenhauer however went against the grain and believed the world as will to be fundamentally irrational, and held no prisoners when it came to openly criticizing his contemporaries.1 This caused him to be almost brushed aside during his own lifetime, which is made perfectly evident in how his work, On the Basis of Morality was simply turned away by The Danish Academy of Science as it did not line up with their very Kan t-centric views. Although he didn’t always agree Kant, Schopenhauer did consider himself Kant’s true philosophical heir, and was always full of praise for the man who he claimed, â€Å"gave this science (metaphysics) a foundation having definite advantages over previous ones, and because it still remains the last important event to occur in ethics† (47).2 He would use Kant’s foundation of morals as a guide to prepare himself to establish his own foundation. It would turn out that he would not be bias in Kant’s favor, but rather attack Schopenhauer would attack Kant’s ethics for being â€Å"wholly unjustified, groundless, and fictitious assumptions† (48).2 He replaces Kant’s ethics with his own ethics of compassion, or the ability some human be... ...chopenh/ 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. 143 3 Kraut, Richard, "Aristotle's Ethics," The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = . 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii 2 Schopenhauer, On the Basis of Morality, trans, by EJ.F. Payne (Indian Hills, Colorado : The Falcons Wing Press, 1958), p. xxiii

How Does Hughes Create An Effective Description of a Windy Day?

Hughes uses a variety of poetic techniques to create an effective description of a windy day. He uses a lot of figurative language, such as metaphor, simile and personification. Hughes also creates the effect of a windy day using structural techniques such as enjambement, and the sound technique onomatopoeia. He often uses interesting lexis to help our imaginations. Hughes uses a lot of figurative language in this poem. One particularly effective technique is metaphor. He starts the poem with the metaphor – â€Å"This house has been far out at sea all night† This is very effective because it creates a very strong picture in your mind. â€Å"Far out† suggests isolation, and a mention of night suggests danger and fear. Another effective example of metaphor is â€Å"The skyline a grimace†. This suggests that the whole view and landscape is grotesquely distorted. A grimace means to pull a strange face, so this makes it an example of personification. The mental image is very clear too. Simile is another example of figurative language use by Hughes in this particular poem.What is the difference between a figurative and a literal analogy? â€Å"Flexing like the lens of a mad eye† This suggests that the view is constantly moving with the wind and the movement in my mind is visualised as everything bending, swaying and generally looking contorted. Similes are used throughout Hughes's poem. Another magnificent example of a simile is â€Å"Rang like some fine green goblet† This makes the house seem very delicate, as a glass will shatter if it resonates at a certain pitch. Glass is brittle anyway, so using this particular material as a simile would automatically suggest fragility. Another example of simile is â€Å"Black gull bent like an iron bar slowly†. This suggests that the gull is fighting against the wind's strength with all it's might. The mental picture it puts into my mind is very clear, and it makes me think that the wind is very powerful. Personification is a type of figurative language, giving an inanimate object humane characteristics. An example of personification occurs in line 13 of the poem: â€Å"The fields quivering, the skyline a grimace† The fields are ‘quivering' which suggests that they are afraid of the wind, and are shaking and ducking down to avoid the devastation that the wind can cause. In actual fact, the wind makes the grass bend over. Hughes uses structural techniques in his poetry, and enjambement is the one that probably stands out the most.

Disability and Individual Disabled Person

* Explain the potential impact of disability on the outcomes and life chances of children and young people (CYP 3. 7 3. 1) The potential impact of disability on the outcomes and life chances of children and young people are that they get physical impairments and chronic medical conditions may compromise healthy development and disrupt their educational experiences. Adper children’s all round development, move on further into the future to have financial difficulties and restricted opportunities and career paths.All of these outcomes can destabilize families and relationships causing stress and depression. * The importance of positive attitudes towards disability and specific requirements helps a person with additional needs to feel more valued and equal to every other child or young person, it also prevents isolation of a child. A positive attitude ensures inclusive and tting. It builds positive relationships so that everyone in the setting and in the world feels respected, sa fe and happy where they live, and spend their time. Explain the social and medical models of disability and the impact of each on practice (CYP3. 7 3. 3) The medical model promotes the view of a disabled person as dependent and needing to be cured or cared for, and it justifies the way in which disabled people have been systematically excluded from society. The disabled person is the problem, not society. Control resides firmly with professionals; choices for the individual are limited to the options provided and approved by the ‘helping' expert.The medical model is sometimes known as the ‘individual model’ because it promotes the notion that it is the individual disabled person who must adapt to the way in which society is constructed and organised. By labelling a child because of their disability can prevent us from seeing the child as a whole person like their gender, culture and social background the medical models is a traditional view of disability and that through medical intervention the person can be cured where in fact in ost cases there is no cure. They expect disabled people to change to fit into society. * Explain the different types of support that are available for disabled children and young people and those with specific requirements (CYP3. 7 3. 4) Specialised services  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ in my setting we have a special educational needs coordinator and we use other services such as physio therapist, speech therapists, school nurse, social services we use these services in order to provide the right care for the children in need.

Guinness coursework

Tipping point has been the most talked about advert of recent times, partly to do with the amount of money spent on it but mostly due to the amount of props and effects used. In this review I will analyse various aspects of the ad including camera work, colour, setting, props and actors. One of the many shots used is the close up which emphasises certain aspects of the ad. The close up is used at the start to show the man's hand just before he pushes over the dominoes, this emphasises the importance of that particular action and it undoubtedly draws the viewer's attention to it. Another close up is also used later on in the ad to highlight certain expressions on people's faces & this changes the mood and the momentum of the ad. Alongside the close ups, the long shot has also been utilised in order to provide a panoramic view & also gives the exact position of the object or character in relation to the surroundings. The two shots mentioned above effectively communicate the mood and body language of the characters thereby igniting the interest of the viewers whilst making them more inquisitive. As far as the colour is concerned the ad is given a time effect where the hues of the objects & buildings appear faded and worn out & makes the audience trace the product advertised to its origin. It also conveys that the product has a long lasting relationship with the audience & has been a part & parcel of their daily lives. Colours affect our moods and help us visualise the situation. Using right colours and tones leaves a lasting effect on viewers' mind which eventually results in them contemplating the purchase. The colours used are also quite dull which wouldn't normally be associated with modern life therefore showing that the product has a history of serving the audience i.e. in the olden days. Setting is very crucial to the character of the product. It helps viewers identify themselves with the product and creates a sense of belonging and pride in being associated with the product. The setting seems to be in an old foreign village which might indicate that the product has reached out to people in other parts of the world and this may portray the product as being well known so people might want to try it. The setting may also invoke a sense of belonging as the village and its people are seem to be of a certain mould who are linked to the product, the audience may be drawn towards the product because of this. The props which have been chosen also play an important role in making the ad a success. They have been particularly chosen because they represent the characters' lifestyles which seem to very ordinary and basic i.e. plain cardboard boxes have been used which indicates the simplicity of the village. However despite this simplicity the product seems to be an integral part of their lifestyle and I feel the props have been selected to contrast with the big glass of Guinness at the end which is far from simple in terms of size and colour. Apart from these points, the undoubtedly most significant factor is the domino effect which the ad itself revolves around. The domino effect provides the excitement in the ad and its perfect synchronisation intrigues the viewer as well as making the ad memorable, therefore embedding an image of the product in the viewers' minds. Another aspect of the advert is the actors whose reactions and expressions provide the excitement and a sense of fun. The actors more or less react to the events in a similar way however they are all doing their own thing whether it is working in bakery or looking after the livestock. The idea behind this is to show that no matter what type of person or profession Guinness is something all the locals have in common; they all cheer together when the domino effect is happening and also rejoice in sync as the glass of Guinness is â€Å"filled†. As well as the setting, the actors also contribute to a sense of belonging which attracts the viewer and makes them try the product. Also, the characters have been portrayed in such a way which makes them seem as they to some extent worship the product which may represent the love for Guinness buyers have around the world. Having reviewed and analysed the different features of the ad I believe that the its success has been largely due to the domino effect shown in the ad this has made the ad memorable and eye-catching. However, other factors like colour and setting have also made the ad a wonder. I am confident that applying these features to our adverts will surely increase the popularity of our product amongst the public.

Managing Time And People Commerce Essay

Planning is indispensable in making a new venture. This undertaking remains chiefly on the enterpriser get downing the concern. A good enterpriser demands to hold a assortment of accomplishments in order to be successful. SimVenture which is a concern simulation game, is a good manner of rehearsing these accomplishments. Indeed, learning entrepreneurial and concern accomplishments is one of the chief intents of SimVenture, by leting the users to make and run their ain practical company. SimVenture besides gives the chance to larn how to do efficient determinations in all the different sectors of a concern including selling, human resources, operations, finance, and more. As a concern disposal pupil and possibly future enterpriser, it is cardinal to understand how to successfully run a company and to pattern and trade with diverse accomplishments. I have learned many lessons by utilizing that simulation and many of these will decidedly be utile in my future life and heighten my cognition and personal development. Three of the chief that I have learned are how to pull off clip and people, how to develop a concern theoretical account, and how to research and analyse the market.Pull offing clip and peopleFirst, managing clip and people has been a important lesson that I have learned utilizing SimVenture. An enterpriser ‘s most of import and most hard occupation is to pull off these two constituents. The first constituent of the concern that has to be good managed is people. Get downing a concern is non merely a one individual trade, in the reverse, good developed and directed squads are behind most of the most successful concern start-up. Indeed, developing strong entrepreneurial squads are cardinal to a good functioning venture. It is the enterpriser ‘s undertaking to happen persons that can offer cognition, experience, accomplishments, and, therefore, add up a to the societal capital of their company. Furthermore, one time the good 1s are chosen, employees have to be motivated, leaded, inspired, and encouraged in order to be efficient and to increase their committedness to the company. With SimVenture, I have learned that this procedure is important for a concern, because taking inefficient or unsuitable employees can increase unusually its costs. Besides, the simulation taught me that non merely taking the best campaigner is of import, but particularly giving them the o ccupation place in harmony with what they are the best in. The 2nd constituent of the venture that has to be greatly managed is clip. Effectiveness, productiveness, and efficiency, are facets that can be overly increased if clip is managed right. Particularly during the concern start-up procedure, at every measure of it, clip should be spent on elements that are truly relevant for the creative activity of the company. SimVenture clearly showed that clip can truly be an issue in a company as clip direction was one on the chief jobs that my squad and I had while utilizing the simulation. Sometimes employees were passing clip idle, and some other times, they were non able to complete their undertaking due to miss of clip. In the hereafter, I will cognize that clip is the constituent of a concern that is likely the most indispensable to be good managed in order to be successful.Developing a concern theoretical accountSecond, making a concern theoretical account has been an indispensable lesson that I have learned with SimVenture. Constructing a concern theoretical account can be a really long and hard procedure, because it is a complex, precise, and specific undertaking. However, it is indispensable for a new venture to develop an effectual 1 because it is the bosom of a company. â€Å" Management author Joan Magretta defined a concern theoretical account as â€Å" the narrative that explains how an endeavor plant † † ( Casadesus-Masanell and RicartAA , 2011 ) . Bing portion of a concern scheme, a concern theoretical account is used to stand for nucleus facets of a venture. A concern theoretical account can be separated in five chief characteristics. The first subdivision is understanding the clients and their purchase determination. A client in a purchase determination procedure will go through through some phases before purchasing a merchandise or service. He will research information, seek value, measure alternate, and assess value before doing any determination. Using the simulation, I learned that understanding the clients that are in the mark market can greatly profit the company in doing merchandises in harmony with their demands. Besides, through SimVenture, I realized that clients are the wheels of the concern and that it is aboriginal to do determinations in relation to them. The 2nd characteristic of a concern theoretical account is the value proposition, or the benefits that clients gain. It is really of import for a company to understand and be cognizant of what their clients derive and profit from their merchandises or services. Developing a value proposition relies on analyzing qualitative and quantitative facets and happening a manner to be different from rivals by cognizing who they are and what they do. The value proposition is used to pull clients and guarantee the company ‘s fiscal good health. The 3rd portion of a concern theoretical account is the architecture of the concern. That characteristic describes the construction and the administration of the company. It besides defines how the venture creates and distributes its merchandises and services. The concern architecture discusses whether there is a market or non for what the company is selling, by analyzing the external environment such as geographics. All these different constituents are put together to make value for the clients. Using SimVenture, it was a challenge to do efficient determinations because all the characteristics of the concern and the mark market were to be taken in history. The 4th subdivision is the gross theoretical account of the concern. Its end is for the company to happen a profitable manner to present great value to their clients and fulfilling their demands. In other words, by making better than its rivals, the venture has to pull off its costs and disbursals in order to increase its return on investings. Pricing is besides an of import facet of that phase, so the monetary value should be fixed so that it is high plenty to do net income but non excessively high for the gross revenues to diminish. Furthermore, the company has to make up one's mind which gross mechanism will be adopted and how the benefits will be delivered to their clients. SimVenture taught me that it is indispensable to hold a great cognition of our costs and disbursals in order to repair the monetary value of the merchandise at a profitable degree. The 5th characteristic of the concern theoretical account is the strategic way. The strategic way is how the organisation scheme will be achieve and which actions will be in topographic point to make so. It demonstrate the place that the venture is be aftering to take over its rivals in a long term position. It is besides a projection of where the concern wants to be in a certain sum of old ages. Using SimVenture, I have learned that the strategic program of the concern is ever to be kept in head if you want the long term aims to be achieved. In the simulation, I would hold made different determinations than my squad. In my sentiment, we were believing excessively much about the present month and non plenty of the hereafter of the venture.Researching and analyzing the marketThird, researching and analyzing the market has been a important lesson that I have learned with SimVenture. The market analysis is indispensable to be done at the get downing point of every new venture. It allows the enterpriser to cognize more about the planetary environment of its concern. The market analysis is highly of import because it â€Å" helps specify the nature of the concern and the balance of the program. [ †¦ ] Similarly, the more a start-up understands the demands of its mark market, the more it can fit its merchandise attributes to those demands † ( Barringer, 2009 ) . Indeed, the venture will hold to section the market and choose a mark market. The â€Å" market cleavage is the procedure of spliting a market into distinguishable subsets ( or sections ) that behave in the same manner or have similar demands † ( Barringer, 2009 ) . As the market cleavage was already done in SimVenture, nil was learned from that subdivision. Before choosing a mark market, the company should research and analyze the size and the tendencies of the different market sections. This is critical because a good choice will let the concern to be successful in footings of net income and gross revenues growing. With SimVenture, I have learned that choosing the best market section is one of the most of import things, because if you do n't do a good choice, maintaining a financially healthy company can be debatable in the hereafter. I had trouble choosing the appropriate mark market for the concern. Therefore, what I have learned from that for the hereafter is that a deeper research and analysis of the market and of the sections should be done in order to do the best determination possible.DecisionTo conclude, through SimVenture, I have learned many of import lessons including managing clip and people, making a concern theoretical account, and researching and analyzing the market. The simulation made me cognizant that a concern can c onfront many troubles and that the enterpriser needs the cognition and the ability to do the best determination harmonizing to any state of affairss that can happen. Runing my ain concern for a few hebdomads has decidedly helped me in my personal development, because I would now experience more confident and experient if, in the hereafter, I would make up one's mind to get down my ain company.

Refugees: Human Rights and Largest Refugee Populations

Refugees Part A. Sadly and commonly throughout the world of today with its immense technology, and stature lies an ever growing and simple problem soon becoming an epidemic. Through tyranny styled governments, ignorance and even a lack of awareness and care sits 20 million refugees thrown from their countries simply because it is not safe, to a place where they are unknown. These people are children, mothers and fathers dying endlessly with nowhere to go and without a future.Under international law, a refugee is a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion; and is unable or unwilling to avail himself/herself of the protection of that country, or to return there, for fear of persecution. They are subgroup of the broader category of displaced persons. †¦ en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Refugee A refugee can be defined in a variety of means and in many ways is a definition that often faces misconception with the general public.In many cases it is the way in which the circumstances arise that leaves people confused. Wether or not they were forced and also wether it is simply a home or a country that you become forced out of. A refugee is a person or persons that have been forced out of there natural habitat wether it simply be there home or there country and are left with no other option but to run away, out of fear of persecution, death, or because of natural disaster. They do not necessarily run away from there nation of citizenship but just to another location other then there ordinary home to take refuge.If it is decided that they are either accepted into a country or run into a country for refuge then they are to receive the same freedom and rights as any other ordinary legal resident. However this doesn’t allow them to become immediate citizens or have an extended period of ref uge in the country, if and when there country of origin returns to a state of decency they are then forced to return. These rights include; basic civil rights, freedom of thought, freedom of movement, and freedom from torture and degrading treatment.As with any other individual these people are entitled to have the right to: work, medical care, social and economical rights, and every child must have the right to schooling. We must keep in mind that these people aren’t asylum seekers or immigrants, they simply leave to take refuge and safety. Causes of extended refugee numbers. GOVERNMENT: often in third world and poorly funded nations people are forced to leave as a result of a tyranny styled government. These corrupt officials often associate with terrorists, guerrillas, and drug barons, making the country unsafe and unliveable.FARMING: poorly funded or corrupt nations often lack sufficient land and equipment for farming practices. This is made worse by a lack of education a nd farming knowledge. With this, food numbers and the economy is bought down. The farmers themselves as well as all countrymen and women are left with little food and money and are forced to leave. WAR: Corrupt and poor nations are often at the greatest threat of terrorist and war activity thanks to the government and lack of money. Terrorists prey on these areas with poor security, education and with a wide array of religions.Civilians are at great risk. This is also added to by religious and race fuelled wars. NATURAL DISASTERS: countries often with poor financial backing are worst hit by natural disasters. Farms, the lifeblood of the area as well as buildings which were poorly built originally become demolished. Furthermore infrastructure such as sewerage and water as well as electricity become unsafe and unclean as these nations lack the money not only to fix it but to have had sufficient facilities to begin with. These people are again forced to leave to avoid death.PERSECUTION : is often caused by corrupt governments. Persecution is often aimed at particular races, religious backgrounds, group memberships, and opinions. Many governments stand for unjust laws allowing people to be unfairly persecuted. Where Are the Refugees coming from? AFRICA: ASIA: 1951: 5,000 1951: 41,500 1999: 3,523,100. 1999: 4,781,800 EUROPE: SOUTH AMERICA. 1951: 1,221,200 1951: 120,000 999: 2,617,600 1999: 61,100 NORTH AMERICA. OCEANIA. 1951: 518,500 1951: 180,000 1999: 649,600 1999: 64,500. THE WORLD: 1951: 2,116,200 1999: 11,697,800 The Largest Refugee Populations, 1999. Who is taking responsibility for the care of the refugees? Part B. Solving the refugee epidemic†¦ As with each day we grow in our knowledge stature both scientifically and technologically as does, sadly a societal epidemic in that of our refugee numbers.First and foremost these nations need funding that must find its way to the citizens that need it and not the Government. From here education is a necessity where it then should be used in schools, as well as teaching for trades, farming practices, and general human rights, with social education. As said, the most simple yet in many ways unattainable solution is education, in teaching skills and tolerance. In part A, identified were major causes of the refugee numbers and in each case and example education would have been a solution, with the exception of the Government.Persecution, often caused by race and religion or even opinions is often fuelled by regular citizens who simply haven’t had the correct education and were forced into abiding by certain laws, governments and religions. The people themselves who are often persecuted are the ones who have had the ability to be educated and have their own beliefs rather than those who were taken at a young age and forced to fight or believe in a cause. When it comes to another problem that education can cure, we must look at natural disasters.Obviously the disaster itself cannot be p revented, however the original damage in many cases could have been far less and the rebuilding could be far better, resulting in fewer refugees, had education been received. This education would have helped several aspects of a natural disasters effect. Firstly buildings and farms in the areas would have been constructed and prepared in order to sustain such events and if educated awareness of the event and preparation in procedures before and after the diaster would be far better.Farming itself is extremely significant in providing sufficient aspects of these nations economy so again education is vital. Funding shouldn’t be used to supply food to these nations, but to rather supply education for correct farming practices, equipment, facilities and knowledge. This would not only significantly change refugee numbers but increase economic stability and create jobs and money in the area. This education mainly needs to be served to children of the nation at an extremely young ag e, the future of these nations, who can then provide a emocratic government, as well as having the knowledge to create a sufficiently flowing nation, with agricultural and business benefits. With such religious and social education which is a major problem, corrupt governments will no longer be running the nation and therefore unable to persecute, discriminate or steal. With this education, these nations will grow in stature to provide sufficient, social, economical, health, business, and security aspects that will no longer see citizens forced to run to other countries.

Report detaling organisational information,motivations for Essay

Report detaling organisational information,motivations for volunteering,work carried out evaluation of learning experience - Essay Example RMC’s mission is â€Å"to tackle urgent issues and disadvantage among asylum seekers, refugees & migrants and promote long term solutions to the problems they face.† The organisation also has a policy of helping everyone in the Black Country regardless of their mother country, ethnic, legal or religious affiliations. It also does not discriminate anyone on the basis of disability, age, gender or even sexual orientation. RMC is the only organisation of its kind and size in the entire region. It offers service and has its doors open to the most disadvantaged in the society. Beneficiaries of the organisation come from more than 120 countries. The organisations was founded some 15 years back and since then has been very positively impacting on thousands of persons seeking service. It has therefore grown over time into a very professionally capable organisation; has a sound management and therefore attracts and manages a wide range of different projects. Funding is mostly by charity trusts, lotteries, the EU, central and local governments and volunteers. RMC has over the time become an important part of various partnerships and is now enjoying a favourable reputation not only nationally but also regionally. One very important service offered RMC to its beneficiaries is migration is migration consultancy services for refugees with immigration issues. It also offers advice on citizenship as well as citize n preparation, guidance and counselling, housing & other social benefits and employment services. Considering the nature of work the RMC is engage in, volunteering is an integral part of the organisation. It therefore offers opportunities for individuals wishing to gain work experience, just do something rewarding with their skills or contribute to the organisation’s noble course. At RMC volunteering is also recognised as an opportunity for the organisation to impart new skills to the

Don Martins Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Don Martins Company - Case Study Example According to the paper Martin’s has competitors in: furniture, electronic household appliances, branded big-ticket items. Martin’s advantage is the big parking lot right behind his store. This is a competitive advantage that must be explored, because parking is a problem in the area. It works to Martin’s advantage if his customers can park right next to the store, because that would make it easy to cart away and load the big-ticket items onto the customers’ vehicles. This is one major incentive for customers to choose to purchase repeatedly from Martin’s store. From this study it is clear that the firm has just begun to feel the effects of declining financial sustainability, with the incurrences of losses in its operations for the last fiscal year. This is not to say that the Martin’s business is already in dire financial condition. The business is still financially viable at present and maybe for a few more years, but the flat revenue growth and the downtrend in earnings should be arrested if the company will continue to be viable in the long term. Martin’s business, despite the most expansion, has not realized the additional revenues which were expected. This means that the firm has not maximized its marketing potential in order to take full advantage of the expansion. The company has resorted to costly advertising which has not brought increased sales. It should rethink this strategy and resort to promotion that directly impacts upon its customers’ needs. It is assumed that the company also has e-marketing capability, as most firms, even small ones, are equipped with online capacity.

Dualism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dualism - Essay Example One key feature about dualism also has to do with the fact that greater percentage of the commentators who have discusses or written about the subject before appreciate dualism from the mind-body perspective. There seem to be this uniformity of agreement among the commentators because the mind-body perspective of dualism is considered to be the basis or history behind dualism whereby â€Å"humans have (or seem to have) both physical properties and mental properties† (Howard, 2011). In the following sections, the subject of dualism as presented from selected view points is discussed. Platonic Dualism The perspective of Plato’s dualism is related to the human life as well but Plato tackles the entities of body and soul instead of mind and body. Generally, Plato’s points and arguments on dualism are considered as the oldest. In his opinion, the body and soul of humans are two different entities that live for two different purposes. As such, Plato asserts that when o ne of the entities departs or dies, the other lives on. The College of Letters, Arts & Social Sciences (2001) posits that Plato’s view on a separation of the body from the soul (in such a way that they are two different entiries) is perfectly backed by the Torah. The debate between Plato’s assertions that the soul lives after live is however challenged by the scholars of the Torah. This is because the latter argue that â€Å"when God communicates with the Hebrews in the Torah, his covenant explicitly references rewards in this life, not an afterlife† (College of Letters, Arts & Social Sciences, 2001). This means that contrary to Plato’s beliefs that the soul lives after the body dies and that the souls faces reward or punishment based on the actions it performed when the body lived, scholars of the Torah refute this Socrates’ perspective of Dualism Socrates also holds a dynamic view of dualism with a lot of similarities with the views shared by Pla to. Actually, Socrates confirms that the body and soul are two independent entities of live and those they are the central point of human dualism. Idealistically, Socrates may differ from Plato in the sense that whereas Plato advocates total independence of the body from the soul and sees them as two individuals who never depend on the other, Socrates argue that the soul has a lot of relation and dependence on the body and that the body actually imprisons the soul as long as the body lives. To this end, â€Å"Socrates argues that death is a good thing because it frees the soul from the body in which it was effectively imprisoned† (Clark, 2010). The implication that is got from this assertion is that the soul is a representation of truth and wisdom and thus as an entity living in the human being, that is all that the soul seeks to champion. However, the body, which is more directed towards evil and lies is too powerful that if often times overcomes the soul and so hardly allow s the soul to operate independently till death separates the two. St. Augustine’s Dualism St. Augustine takes the subject of dualism to a more religious perspective than just being philosophical. From St. Augustine’s perspective therefore, dualism is debated more as a doctrine than a philosophical

The Simplicity and Complexity of Endangerment Essay

The Simplicity and Complexity of Endangerment - Essay Example For the past number of years, there has been a tremendous increase in the rate at which species have become extinct. What's actually more alarming than that is the fact that this rate increases exponentially over time. And when it continues, the stability of the entire ecosystem will be place at risk, especially when key species in the food chain will cease to exist. Today, most of the world's habitats are changing faster than most species can adapt to such changes through evolution, or natural selection. Despite endangerment being a universal concept, most people aren't really aware as to the ins and outs of this seemingly simple concept. Most important of all, everyone should be made more conscious with regard to this issue, as drastic changes will affect everyone else over time. Animals do not just get endangered and go into extinction. ... nt can be solved, if not minimized, is for people to take charge and be more active about protecting the environment where endangered species are found. The rarer an animal or plant is, the more money it can bring on the black market. Many smugglers are amateurs, such as tourists and travelers, who attempt to conceal endangered plants, reptiles, birds, and insects in their luggage. But most are seasoned professionals who use sophisticated techniques and well-organized routes to transport their illicit cargo. There are numerous causes of endangerment of certain species, but there are certain factors that are common to all species. a. Habitat Destruction The primary causes of species extinction or endangerment are habitat destruction. Such activities like plant collecting, trade in animal plants and hunting damage and caused pollution into an area, these direct habitat destruction can cause direct destruction to most species. Due to continuous changes of our planet, animals' habitats are also continuously being changed. There are certain natural changes that happen, often at a steady pace that affects individual species. But when these natural changes happen faster than they're supposed to, then these species don't have the time they need in order to adjust. For an instance, sea turtles are considered threatened because of benign tumors that put them in a serious global threat. They are appeared to have an increasing frequency on the head and internal organs of sea turtles and can literally smother the animals to death. According to Jacobson, the scientist "Sea turtle tumors are one of the few diseases in any animals that have appear ed worldwide this could signal major changes in the earth's aquatic environment." As a consequence, this has become one of the most common

Researching politics and international relations Essay

Researching politics and international relations - Essay Example To understand the scientific rigor regarding researching, one must focus on the types and the different methods of research. There are numerous methods of research. However, we narrow our researching methods down to two ways; the Qualitative and the Quantitative method. There are numerous methods of research. However, we narrow our researching methods down to two ways; the Qualitative and the Quantitative method. Each is a scientific method much used and approved, by researchers. Before reverting to our topic, it is better to have an extensive overview of the scientific method, quantitative and qualitative methods(Brady&Collier,2004). The research process itself is extremely complex with several variables staying in effect at one time. It is important for the researcher to ensure that the focus remains on the subject that is being researched. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are as different as day and night. Scientists use them to test casual theories. Qualitative mainly fo cuses on how and where. It pertains to the quality of the data, e.g. the quality of a sample , is it randomly taken or is it specific(King ,Keohan ,Verba,1994). However, quantitative method includes all the finer mounts and pertains to the quantity of the data, e.g. a sample of a large population maybe a small sample or a large one. The sample size typically depends upon the objective of the research and what the researcher is basically aiming to identify. Quantitative Method: Generally speaking, scientists use this method for statistical analysis.It is defined as a method of research which focuses on numbers. Nowadays, all types of quantitative methods are required in almost every discipline of social science. This is because they help quantify different aspects of the research along with different phenomenon linked to the variables of the research. Generally, after the experiments are held, researchers use statistics to determine the result of their experiments. Statistical analys is is done by taking out a sample from the experiment and is used to determine the approval or disapproval of the entire group. Quantitative research is based on statistical analysis and can be easily replenished. This method is preferred because of its accuracy in social sciences. The fact is the quantitative researches helps quantify the different questions that the researcher has posed for the purpose of the research. There is no aspect of subjectivity involved here, whereas qualitative research can at times be limited because it is more opinion based than anything else and cannot be generalized easily. Quantitative research is done when subjective formulation of theories has been done in the field of study. The quantitative method of data collection is highly systematized and efficient. The major component of quantitative research is how vague concepts of quantity are measured so that statistical tests can be run on their differences between groups(Manion&Morrison,2000). The qua ntitative data collected is analyzed via statistical databases.If the results of the experiments on the data are significant then it is used to propose a valid hypothesis. Quantitative research of any sample of collected data is systematized and rigorous, which is easier to duplicate and resurrect. The main criticism this method holds is that focuses on one point of the data. Qualitative Method: Miles and Huberman defined Qualitative method as the method that uses words instead of numbers( Miles&Huberman,1994). It is considered â€Å"soft† in regard with quantitative methods of research. Within the vast framework of qualitative research there are numerous methods to compile data and results. Qualitative research is very important in the fields of psychology and anthropology because this method probes in deeper into the data to dig out results, which often cannot be analyzed as thoroughly due to other systematic errors.When data based on quantity comes up, we use traditional q uantitative methodology. However, when researchers are up against data

Cuneiform and Pictograms Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cuneiform and Pictograms - Research Paper Example Indeed, it is certain that Cuneiform and pictograms are the gateway of the normal symbols that are palpable in our everyday life as it all started thousands of years ago. As a one of the greatest contributors to Cuneiform development, the Sumerians developed this early form of civilization writing using pictures. Later the Babylonians and Assyrians adopted the use of Cuneiform as a system of writing. As an ancient form, of writing Cuneiform entailed the use of wooden reeds on pieces of clay that were used to impress shapes on the moist clay tablets evidently in Mesopotamia. This mode of writing used wedged shaped stylus as a means of making impressions on the tablets that were made up of stones, metal, clay, or wax. However, the clay tablets were mainly used, as they were cheap and easily available. On the contrary, the clay tablets tended to be more fragile because of the tablets being sun-baked. There are different forms of wedges as they ranged in their various shapes from upright wedges, horizontal wedges, and the most common diagonal wedges through the frequently interchanging of slopping wedge. The Cuneiform impressions that were left by the pictogram, which was being imposed on the tablet left the stylus on the tablet as wedged shape thus, the up rise of the name wedge-writing that was significantly another name of Cuneiform writing. It is notable that after the pieces of clay tablets dried up the preservation of the information was achievable through maintain ace of remarkable accuracy and durability levels. It is because of this reason that hundreds of cuneiform tablets are evidently widely spread all over the world (Radner, and Robson 60). However, in instances where the information was not needed in terms of their permanency the tablets were recycled as they were remolded again. Archeologists established that a majority of the tablets found from the debris and archives were baked especially as they found them in the building where the armies burnt it down. Majority of the museums and private collections still hold the tablets up to date as a form of history. Individuals who utilized this form of writing were Egyptians who have had thousands of clay tablets safely stored discovered in Egypt. The use of the tablets in Cuneiform writing began as a system of writing symbols as a way of expressing the ideas commonly rather than the use of in sounds that they felt a need of noting them down for remembrance. Majorly the information that was featured in these tablets were those of business activities that needed recording in order to act as evidence against a transaction that transpired between two parties (Radner, and Robson 61). In addition, other tablets included information traceable back to the field of medicine as there is evidence of tablets with medical texts imposed on them besides other subjects. Cuneiform form of writing developed later into alphabetic syllabus through the Babylonians and Assyrians who were primarily dominan t in the in Egypt during the middle of the third millennium. As a result, the form of Cuneiform writing shifted from being mainly featured in the field of business and medicine as it spread into other areas of writing. This change is more significant as there is evidence of cuneiform scripts use in the representation of texts that are from various fields of several languages. These languages include those of the ancient ones that are more

Do the Training & Development initiatives impact the bottom line Dissertation

Do the Training & Development initiatives impact the bottom line - Dissertation Example Development needs of the employees have to be addressed as well. Organizations need to ensure top management support and involvement in devising the training programmes. Training needs analysis has to be scientifically conducted. The study also finds that cross-training is successfully carried out by organizations but cross-cultural and diversity training lacks the necessary outcome. This is the reason for high rate of failure in cross-cultural and diversity training. Recommendations for further studies in the area have been suggested. Limitations to the study have been highlighted. The data presented here is reliable and valid. Table of Contents Chapter I Introduction 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Problem Statement 3 1.3 Rationale for research 4 1.4 Research aims & objectives 5 1.5 Significance of the study 5 1.6 Organization of the study 5 Chapter II Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Training & Development 7 2.3 Benefits of training 11 2.4 Training Types 12 2.5 Training needs Analysi s 16 2.6 Barriers to T&D 18 2.7 Evaluation of T&D 19 2.8 Summary of Literature Review 21 Chapter III Methodology 3.1 Research philosophy 22 3.2 Purpose of the research and the research phenomenon 22 3.3 Research design 22 3.4 Research Strategy – justification for the chosen method 24 3.5 Research Methodology 25 3.6 Ethical issues 26 3.7 Data Analysis 27 Chapter IV Findings 28 Chapter V Conclusion and Recommendations 5.1 Conclusion 39 5.2 Recommendations 43 5.3 Limitations 43 5.4 Reliability and validity 43 References 45 Tables & Figures Figure I Research â€Å"Onion† 23 Table I Expatriate Failure rates 31 Table II: Causes of Failure in an overseas environment 32 Chapter I Introduction 1.1 Background Managing of... The intention of this study are training and development that becomes essential because human capital has been recognized as the most important asset and the key to gaining competitive advantage in the ever-changing business environment. Organizations invest in equipments but they consider employee training as a cost. To sustain competition and to be successful organizations have to continually learn. This requires considering employee training as an investment into the future and not as a cost. The importance of training has been recognized by many researchers, authors and the management at the organizations. If people are trained to do their jobs better quality can be instituted. Training is an organizational activity that also encompasses development. This differs from learning, which is an individual activity. T&D involve learning skills that are job-related and also that may not be job-related. Training serves to enhance the self-esteem and motivates the employees as they realiz e that the organization cares for them. Motivation has its own benefits as it helps in retention of talent and also succession planning in today’s turbulent business environment. The business environment requires continuous upgradation of skills. Training also brings about quality improvement across organizations. Training implies focus on human development which effectively exploits intellectual assets. Many organizations are apprehensive of setting up a training budget simply because they are not sure whether they derive any benefits from it.